Automobile torpedo.



H. MAXIM.

AUTOMOBILE TOEPEDO.

APPLIUATION FILED OCT. 4, 1899.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

4 SHEET8-SHEET 1.

H. MAXIM.

AUTOMOBILE TORPEDO.

APPLIUATION FILED 00124. 1899,

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ANDREW 10M 00.. ma-urmnnmtln. wuummo a a H. MAXIM. AUTOMOBILE TORPEDO. APPLICATION FILED 001'. 4, 1809.

937,21 7. Patented Oct. 19, 1909. 4 SHEET-SHEET 3.

r Nk' 3 3 i B \1" Q [1g H. MAXIM.

AUTOMOBILE TDRPEDO.

APPLIU-ATIUII FILED 00124. 1899.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

HUDSON MAXIM, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

AUTOMOBILE TOBPEDO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 19, .1909.

Application filed. October 4, 1899. Serial No. 732,563.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, I-IrmsoN MAXIM, a citizen of the United States, resident of 891 Sterling place, Brooklyn, New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Automobile Torpedoes, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

'My invention relates to torpedoes, and more particularly to that class of torpedoes which possess within themselves the means required for their propulsion, and known in the art as automobile torpedoes. Such torpedoes have, heretofore, been constructed with a reservoir for any suitable motive fluid, as compressed air, which fluid is utilized for driving a propeller. In order that such torpedo might have sufficient power stored in the reservoir to drive it at the desired speed or to the required distance, or both, it has heretofore been found necessary'to construct the reservoir of such size as to occupy the greater portion of the space within the torpe 0, thereby greatly restricting the s ace and weight to be utilized in carrying he [explosive charge. In order to carry an explosive charge of even moderate efficiency, it has been found necessary to considerably encroach upon the space and weight needed for the motive apparatus, thereby greatly lessening the efiiciency and accuracy, of i the torpedo.

The objector the present invention is to construct atorpedo which, Within a shell of given proplortions, shall be capable of carrytravel at greateiizspeed d fOI' a eater distance than has heretofore been eemed possible in this class of torpedoes.

'W1th this and other objectswhich will be hereinafter referred to, the invention consists fin themethod of producing a motor fluid by burning a bodyfcapable ofsupporting its own combustion and employing the products of, combustion to heat a liquid which issimuItane uSly passed through, a

chamber with. the products of combustion, the unevaporated portion of said liquid being again passed through said chamber where further evaporation takes place and the'unev'aporated portion ofthe liquid, with its contained heat, is again circulated through the chamber, and thus continuously to the end that the temperature of theprodnets of combustion is lowered to a point where it will not be injurious to the motor of the torpedo and the heat is utilized for converting the liquid into steam which is mixed with the products of combustion to form the motor fluid.

The form of torpedo employed for practicin the present invention is one having a suita le chamber therein for a body of material capable of supporting its own combustion, and independent of the main explosive charge of the torpedo. Means are provided for i niting and controlling the combustion of this self-combustive body and for cooling the productsof combustion and utilizing a portion of the heat thereof for evaporating a liquid, and of utilizing the evaporated liquid, together with the products of combustion for propelling the torpedo through the water. Such a torpedo is described in my application Serial No. 710,192 and my U. S. Patent No. 641,787, dated January 23d 1 900.

In practicing the present invention there is provided means for circulating through the evaporating chamber of the torpedo a quantity of Water or other liquid in excess of what can be evaporated during the time the liquid is subjected to the heat of the products of combustion under a given pressure, and for again taking u the excess of heated Water and again circulating it through the evaporating cha1nber,'and as the supplyof water in the circulating apparatus becomes reduced, means are rovided for taking in from the surrouninjg sea such a quantity of water as shall be necessary to supply that being evaporated. 'By this means it is necessary to carry only a very small quantity of water in the torpedo or even no water at all at the moment of startin the for edo, thus eliminating a {I H b lar e amount 0 weight which may be uti ized for increasing the propelling means or other suitable purposes.

Another ob'ect of the invention is to maining when the torpedo strikes a tar et, as an auxiliary explosive body, or in a dition to the main explosive charge; and as a further object the explosive charge of the torpedo may be utilized in part by its combustion as the propelling compound or ma terial and the remaining portion be used as the main explosive body is exploded, fired or detonated when the torpedo reaches or strikes the target.

The propelling compound or body of selfcombustive material, which may or ma not form a part of the main explosive body, may be made of such a character that it may be burned in the manner already described for the production of motive power with perfect safety, and yet be capable of bein detonated by the detonation or explosion o the main charge of the torpedo or by independent means. Such a compound may be made of, say, er cent. nitro-glycerin, or thereabout, combined with 20 per cent. or thereabout, of guncotton of a suitable nitration, or of bl nded guncottons. Such a compound will urn with a greater rapidity under a given pressure, and will produce greater heat than one containi'n' a lower percentage of nitroglycerin, and therefore burn this material under a lower pressure, A torpedo employing this modification of my invention, maybe so constructed that the main bursting charge may be quietly burned away without explosion after consumption of the propelling charge, provided the torpedo does not strike the target and be thereby exploded. By this means, the torpedo would automatically render itself inert when its run was spent. Furthermore, when striking a target at short range, it is obvious that the main bursting charge would be greatly reinforced by utilization of the unburned remainder of the propelling charge, or that portion of the charge not consumed at the time of reaching or striking the target. The steam produced by the products of combustion by this invention may be freed from any small particles or globules of water, and the steam rendered dry by burning an independent body of self-combustive material and superheating the steam thereby before utilizing the same for driving the torpedo.

n practicing the invention, I preferably employ a ump of suitable construction for eil'ecting t e circulation of the Water through the evaporating chamber, the pump being so constructed as to take water from the hot well of the circulating apparatus until the supply there becomes lowered so as to requ re additional Water for evaporation, at which time the pump being so constructed, will automatical y operate to draw in additional water from the surrounding sea, and just enough to suppl the demand or that which is being evaporated in the evaporating chamber, thus automatically obtaining and regulating the supply of water to be evaporated. To effect this, the pump is preferably provided with means for trapping a small quantity of water which operates in such a way as to hold the sea valve closed until the water in the circulating chambers becomes lowered to such an extent that a. certain quantity of steam enters the trap with the water, and which, being more compressible than water, allows the sea valve to be slightly opened and a small quantity of sea water to be pumped into the circulating chambers, and as the Water in the circulating device becomes lower and lower, the valve is opened more and more, and in due proportion, so that the su Jply of water to the evaporating chamber when runnin remains practically constanuand only sue an amount of cold Water admitted as will be necessary to supply that which is evaporated. It is obvious that by this means a large amount of evaporating surface is presented by the water itself in the evaporation chamber and in its passage through the evaporating device, and that the said surface is proportionate to the rate at which the Water is circulated, and that the evaporating chamber and evaporating device maybe reduced to a minimum in size because all the heat necessary can be taken from the products of combustion simply by circulating such a quantity of water through and through the device as shall serve to effect the urpose. his is particularly valuable for his form of torpedo where it is desirable to carry as little wei 'ht as possible in evaporatin devices or StllilCGS, and where it is desir'ab e to carry as small a supply of water as possible.

The self-combustible compound is located in close proximity to the main explosive charge so as to be also detonated upon the explosion of the latter. The preferable method for carrying out this part of the invention is to place a large portion of the p'ropellin compound, which is the last to be burned, d irectly in the rear of the main explosive charge. This portion of the com pound consists preferably of a pluralit of bars of propelling compound, so as to orm a mass of explosive material much greater than that part of the main stick of propellin compound which can be readily etona ad by he main body, means also bein provided or igniting in succession such 0' the several parallel bars as may be re hired to continue the propulsion of the torpe o before the main charge is exploded.

Having now generally described the invention, a detail description thereof Will be given, reference bein" had to the accompanymg drawings, which illustrate a suitable apparatus for practicing the method which constitutes the invention, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a portion of a torpedo containing apparatus for carrying out the present invention. Fig. l. is a similar section showing a modified form. Fig. is a cross section thereof on the line 2. 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. is a similar section showing a modified form of propelling charge. or SelfcombuStible. Fig. 4 is also a longitudinal section of a portion of a torpedo for practicing the present invention. Fig. 5 is a. cross sectional view of the appa ratus contained in the torpedo and on a lin 5. 5 of Fig. l. Fig. (3 is a similar section on the line thtiof Fig. l. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of an apparatus. Fig. 8 is a cross-section thereof on the line 8, 8 of Fig. 7. Fig. tl is a longitui'liual sectional View of one form of the pump which may be employed. Fig. 10 is a similar view partially in GlBVtltiOl'l. showing only one barrel of the pump with its operative parts in a ditferent position. Fig. ll is a longitudinal section of a preferred form of pump which is shown in elevation in Fig. l. and Fig. 12 is a horizontal longitudinal section of the same form of pump with its operative parts in another position.

()nly that part of a dirigible torpedo shown which is necessary to fully show the apparatus ei'nployed in p noticing the pres ent invei'ition. it being understood that the main explosive charge. buoyancy chamber. parts of the motor and the like. may be constructed and situated in any suitable manner known in the art. As no fixed motive gas under the great pressure heretofore used need be employed. the casing A comparativ'ely thin. but of sulticient strength to safely inclosc a compressed fluid chamber B. between two transverse bulk heads. u. I). (see Fig. at). the said chamber being adapted to support. an internal pressure. say from 300 to 500 pounds per square inch. In the preferred form of apparatus. the chamber B. is first charged with air of suflicient pressure. say 300 pounds. to initially operate the motor I). to which it is connected by a conduit 10. controlled by a alve 11. the chanr ber I3 and pipe 10 together constituting a conduit leading from the combustion chamber l) to the motor E.

The self-combustible material employed l for producing the heated products of com- 1 bastion preferably consists of a nitro-coml pound. say a mixture of nitroglycerin and pyroxylin. or guncotton in suitable propertions. The compound is formed in the shape of a rod or bar C and placed centrally and longitudinally within a tube 1, extending from the forward bulkhead it. toward the forward end of the torpedo. and of such length as to contain sufficient combustible material to be consumed during a given. period of time under a given pres ure; The tube 1. may be charged with the combustiblc material at its forward end and l sealed or otherwise closed as by a plug 2. and is preferably supported by the bulkhead u. and by one or more transverse partitions 1'.

The forward part of the torpedo :asing (see Fig. 1). is occupied by the main explosive charge I. provided with a suitable det ouator i. and separated from the rear part of the torpedo by a partition In. which supports a plurality of circular tubes K. surrounding the cent al tube 1. carrying the main stick of self-comlmstible C and contaiuing additional propelling material (7 thus forming a mass of explosive material situated directly adjacent the main body I. The rear of the tubes K are united and secured to the tube 1. by a head L. The forward end of the tube 1. communicates with one of the tubes K. which communicates at its rear end with another tube and in like manner successively with the remaining tubes. Hence. when the stick (l is consumed nearly to the bottom of itsv container. the flame of combustion is conveyed through an opening to a connected tube K. containing a stick C and in like manner all the sticks (l are successively ignited and consumed. The opiiening between the tubes is preferably lilled with a plug I. having a small central opening through which the igniting flash may pass and preferably made of sclfcombustible material which is rapidly consumed to allow free passage of the gases to the central tube 1.

The tubes Ii may have any suitable shape. but they are preferably placed as close together as possible. and maybe made with radial sides so as to lie together in a close mass. in order to promote effective detonation by the main body of explosive (see Fig. 3.)

The modification shown in Fig. 1 consists in forming the combustible material into a stick. rod. or mass C of the entire width or diameter of the torpedo. and so as to conform to the shape of the interior of the casing. The mass is preferably burned under less pressure than when employing a smaller stick. in order to prevent the production of too great a quantity of gases from the larger burning area of the propelling material in this form. The combustible material may also be formed integrally with the main charge. as shown. so that should this torpedo not strike a target all the explosive material carried by it may be quietly and cmnpletcly burned and the torpedo become inert.

tcfcrring again to Figs. 1 and l. the rear end of the tube 1. is held in the end of the combustion chamber or receptacle D, serving to connect the tube to the head (I, and sup porting an igniting device connected with the wires f. and preferably constructed and i operated. as described in my application filed March 23. 1399, and Serial No. 710.192. Directly in front of the consuming end of the stick of powder and in the path of the prod nets of combustion therefrom. there is constructed a water injecting device. consisting of an annular channel t. surrounding the combustion chamber and formed by a recess in the two parts If. c. of the combustion chamber. The channel or manifold connuunieates directly with a plurality of radial nozzles T. which project into the combustion chamber for admitting water into the body of the products of combustion.

The rear part of the combustion chamber 1). contains a device for mixing and thor oughly intermingling the gases and water. consisting of a plurality. say three. of suc cessive transverse obstructions or blades 8. extending partially across the chamber and placed in alternating r in dilt'erent positions cireumferentially with respect to each other. After the hot gases have evaporated a por tion of the water in the chamber c. they are elected with the accompanying unevaporated water out of the nozzle 9. and deflected by a concave plate 12. backward into the chamber ll. where the unevaporated water collects at the bottom and the gases ot combustion and the steam pass through the conduit 10. to operate the motor E.

l'pon the initial operation ot' the motor by the compressed air from the chamber l). the pump I is actuated by an eccentric l3. upon a vertical shaft H, which is revolved by any suitable power. preferably by the motor I through a pair ot beveled gears 13. Providing there is no liquid in the bottom of the chamber 3. the pump will draw sea water through the pipe 1t]. open to the exterior of the torpedo and force the liquid through the conduit 1T. into the manifold (3. already described. llowever. should there be water in the chamber I either placed there before the operation of the machine or accumulateo from the uuevaporated water passing from the mixing chamber c. the pinup will operate as to partially or wholly stop the supply of water from the sea and to draw the supply of water for the combustion chamber from the chamber 13, through the downwardly extending orifice or pipe 18. As soon as the water in the chamber It falls below the oritiee of the pipe is. and is nearly or wholly drawn from the chamber. the pump will then draw water from the sea as before described.

An air chamber or bulb 1!]. for moderatingthe intermittent action of the pump is car ried by the combustion chamber and placed in ctmnnunication with the manifold 5.

The structure of one form of pump, shown in Fig. 9. consists of two barrels 2t). 2t separated a distance apart and each pro- \ided with stutting boxes 32, and operated by a single plunger 23. which may he at taehed to a source of mechanical power by means of the collar 24. The barrel 21 is provided with an inlet non-return valve 25, controlling the pipe 16 communicating with the sezu and with an outlet non-return valve 26. in the pipe 17, communicating with the manifold. The other barrel '20. is also provided with an outlet non-return valve 27, controlling the pipe 17. which leads to the manifold. and is also provided with an inlet non-return valve 28, comn'iunicating with the hot well or chamber B, on the one hand, and on the other hand with a contracted portion of the barrel 20 or a trap 29, extending rearwardly from the main barrel and adapted to receive a piston 30, Which is attached to a rod or spindle 31, extending longitudinally through the main plunger and ear ring on its other end the inlet valve 97. The piston is also adapted to enter a recess in the end of the conduit and is pro rided with a spring 32. tending to keep the piston in its rearward position as shown in Fig. 10. and to also keep the sea valve in a position with respect to the plunger shown in dotted line in Fig. 9.

The operation of the pump is follows: On the reciprocation ot' the plunger the sea valve, is caused to open both by the motion of the plunger and the pressure of the sea water. The 'ater enters and is then forced by the backward stroke of the plunger through the outlet valve 26. to the manifold. it being seen that the valve is returned to its seat by the pressure in the chamber l3. operating through the valve 23 on the rod :11. This operation of the pump in the barre] it continues while the chamber B is empty of water. but when the unevaporated liquid from the mixing chamber a. collects in the bottom ot the steam chamber and above the orifice of the pipe 18. the Water is drawn into the trap 12$), and the barrel 20. lTpon the return stroke of the plunger the piston barely enters the opening of the trap barrel. owing to the water contained therein. but the plunger continues its rearward stroke against the spring and forces the liquid in the main barrel past the Valve ii, to the combustion chamber. As the piston is checked in its rearward movement the sea valve is not completely opened (see the position of parts shown in Fig. 9), owing to an extension 33. on the said valve, having a tapering end. which closely fits the pipe to. and is of suiiicient length and con tour to open the said pipe only when the piston enters the trap 29 and gradually to a degree depending upon amount of water in t he. said trap. It will be seen that when no water is in the chamber B, the barrel '21. serves merely to pump gas to the combustion chamber which has no effect on the normal operation of the sea alve. owing to it being compressed in the trap 29 on the return stroke of the piston.

The preferred form of pump shown in Figs. 11 and 12, consists of a single barrel (ill 34, containing a piston 35, upon the end of a piston rod 36, which passes through a stuffing box 37. The pump is provided with an inlet valve 28, situated in the steam chamber pipe 18, with a trap :29, in communi ation with the said valve and with a piston 30, controlled by a spring 32, and carried by a spindle 3 l, which extends through the main piston into a recess in the piston rod 36, on the other side thereof. In this instance the spindle is attached to the sea valve 25, by means of a transverse pin or cotter 40, extending through. slots 39, formed in the piston rod. The extension 33. of the pump shown in Fig. 9 is replaced in the preferred form by a similar extension 38,, surrounding the piston rod and 'arried on the inner side of the valve which is made integral with the said extension and also surrounds the piston rod. Outlet valves 26, and 27, are also provided in communication on one side respectively with each side of the main piston 35, and on the other side with the combustion chamber by means of the pipe 17. The operation of this form of pump is similar to that shown in Fig. 9, and may be readily understood by referring both to Figs. 11 and 12, which illustrates the operating parts respectively in different positions.

One feature of my invention consists in providing a neutralizer for the corrosive acid fumes in the products of combustion and for the acid set free by the action of said fumes upon the salts of the sea water which is drawn in to be evaporated. In accomplishing this part of the invention the initial charge of air in the chamber B may contain a suitable quantity of ammonia gas, or the chamber may contain an aqueous solution of a neutralizing substance, such as urea, ammonia gas, carbonate of ammonia, or other suitable alkalies. This solution is injected in the products of combustion through the pipe 18, and by the pump in a manner already described.

In operating the torpedo the valve 11 is first opened. the motor l l. then begins to operate, owing to the compressed charge of air in the chamber B. the rod of powder is then ignited by the device 3, already mentioned and the pump simultaneously begins to force sea water into the combustion chamher, which is partially evaporated and thoroughly mixed with the gases of combustion in the chamber 0, from whence it issues to the steam chamber B. ready to pass through the conduit 10, to the motor. \Vhile the water, steam and gases are momentarily in the chamber B. the unevaporatcd water falls to the bottom and is a ain forced to the combustion chamber to e eva orated. lVhile the operation is thus procee ing the pump automatically and continuously or from time to time, as needed, forces additional sea water to replace that already evaporated, maintaining. however, an excess of water in the combustion chamber for the purpose already described.

In Figs. 7 and S is shown an apparatus for pract icing the invention in which the pump is dispensed with and the steam chamber B made to contain sufiicient water to carry out the operation of the propelling means. The required circulation of excess of water is attained by employing the orifice 9, of the combustion chamber 0. as an injector to which water is supplied from the chamber ll, through a conduit 11, without force other than gravity and the pressure within the said chamber. The injected water is forced up the inclined mixing conduit H, provided with the obstructing blades 8, and opening into the chamber B opposite the deflector g. By this construction the water may be circulated in sufiicient excess for the required purpose and until the water level in the chamber falls below the opening into the conduit 12,. In this case the stick 0, and nozzle 9, are situated near the bottom of the torpedo casing so that the water from the chamber B may be lifted through the con duit it directly and more etl'ectively by the force of the gases issuing from the nozzle.

Preferably a stick of self-combustible material O employed to superheat the steam in the chamber B, is contained in a tube 45 communicating with the said chamber and situated above the main stick C, (see Figs. T and 8). It is ignited by a device 4, similar to that already mentioned and connected to an electric generator by wires The apparatus herein shown and described is not claimed in this application, since the same will form the subject-matter of a separate application.

'hat is claimed is 1. The herein described process of evaporating a liquid and the production of a motive fluid, which consists in burning a body capable of supporting its own combustion, passing the products of combustion through a chamber, and passing a liquid through said chamber to heat the liquid and then again passing the nnevaporated portion of the heated liquid through the same chamber.

2. The herein. described process of pro- .lucing a motive fluid, which consists in circulating products of combustion and a liquid through a chamber, evaporating a portion of the liquid and again passing the unevaporated liquid through the same chamber, to evaporate a further portion of the liquid.

2%. The herein described process of producing a motive fluid for driving a torpedo. which cousi. s in passing products of combustion of a self-combustive nitro-compound through. a chamber and simultaneously passing through the said chamber a quantity of water in excess of that capable of being emporaled by the heat. of the products of combustion, and then again passing through the evaporating chamber the unevaporated liquid.

4. The herein described process of producing a motive fluid for the propulsion of automobile torpedoes. which consists in passing products of combustion of a self-combustivo compound through a chamber, circulating water through the chamber to evaporate the water, and siq'iplying water from the surrounding sea fast. as evaporated.

5. The herein described process for producing a motive fluid, consisting in burn ing a combustible body, passing an excess of water into the hot products of combustion, witlnlrawing the unevaporated alter, and again passing the unevaporated water into the products of combustion.

6. The herein described process for producing a motive fluid, consisting in burning a combustible body, passing an excess of water into the hot products of combustion, circulating the unevzmorated water through the products of combustion and supplying additional water to replace the evaporated Water.

7. The herein described process of produciug a motive fluid. for pro ielling a torpedo, which consists in evaporating water and then superheating the steam with the heat of the products of combustion of a body capable of supporting its own combustion and independently of the means for evaporating the water.

8. The herein described process of pro ducing a motive fluid for driving a torpedo, which consists in evaporating water by the heat of the products of combustion of a body capable of supporting its own combustion and superheating the steam by the products of combustion of another such body.

9. The. herein described process of producing a motive [laid and propelling a torpedo, which consists in burning a portion of the explosive charge of the torpedo for the production of motive power, and then detonating the unburned portion of the charge upon the striking of the torpedo upon the target.

[0. The herein described .process for proing a suitable sclt-comlmstible explosive and thereby creating a flame blast and then feeding a liquid into the path of the [lame blast. whereby the flame blast acts to spray the liquid and the liquid. absorbs heat from and reduces the temperature of the flame and the gases of combustion.

12. The her in described process oi producing a motor fluid which consists in burning a selfcombustible nitro-compoimd explosive and thereby creating a flame blast, and then feeding 'ater into the path of the flame blast, whereby the flame blast acts to spray the water and the water acts to absorb heat from and reduce the temperature of the [lame and the gases of combustion.

13. The herein described process of producing a motor fluid which consists in burning a suitable self-combustible explosive in a combustion chamber and feeding water into said chamber whereby the water is converted into steam the temperature of the gases lowered and said steam and gases mixed to t'orm a motor fluid.

14. The process of producing motor fluid which consists in burning a self-combustible body, injecting a liquid into the path of the products of combustion whereby the products of combustion and the evaporated portion of said liquid are mixed to form a motor fluid, and then utilizing said motor fluid to inject the unevaporated portions of said liquid again into the path of the products of combustion.

13. The method of forming a motor fluid which consists in burning a. selt'womlmstible compound, passing the products of combustion through a manifold together with a iiquid \vbcrc -y a portion oi said iquid is evaporated. utilizing the mixed products of combustion and the vapors of the liquid to operate a pump for again injecting the unevaporated portions of said liquid into the chamber where they are mixed with further products of combustion.

1b. The process of forming a motor fluid which consists in burning a self-combustible body, pumping sea-water into the path of the products of combustion said water hav ing been previously supplied with a neutralizcr tor the corrosive acid fumes in the products of comhustioi'i.

ii'. The method of producing motor fluid which consists in l'iurning a. Stlf-(tfilflbHStiblt? in a closed chamber, mixing the vapors of a liquid with said products of combustion and utilizing the power of the fluid thus obtained to continuously circulate the liquid through a mixing chamber with subsequent products of combustion.

18. The process which consists in burning a intro-compound in a tube with its outlet arranged near an injector, directing sea water through said injector into the path of the said products, then carrying the products of combustion and the vaporizer] Water into i chrunber to augment the volume of working a mixing chamber having lmttioplznos or I lluili ohtniuvzl Ivy tho vomhnHtiOl] of mill tut-i.

other mixing means whereby thv Fkiiti PlUtiin testimony \Yinn'vuf l have signed this nets and vapor nru thoroughly mixed or upecificntion in the prouunmof two sub- 5 connningled. scribing witnesses.

19. The combination. with u torpedo. of n motor of the internal combustion type, le-

HUDSON MAXIM.

ceptacie means for fuel, a combustion chnm- \Vitnesses: ber and means for lntrodncing iluld from \VILLIAM O. GANTZ,

10 the immersing medium to the comhui-ation \VILLIAM C. MAXIM. 

